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= Dynare for Octave = = Dynare with Octave =
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Porting of Dynare to Octave is under progress. Development is done using Octave versions 3.0.0 and 3.0.1. Dynare is now able to run on GNU Octave, which is basically a free clone of MATLAB.

Octave versions ranging from 3.2.2 to 3.6 are supported (the unstable version requires 3.4 at least).
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Octave is a free clone of Matlab, running under Linux, Windows and MacOS. GNU Octave is a free clone of MATLAB, running under GNU/Linux, Windows and MacOS.
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 * [http://www.octave.org Octave official site]
 * [http://octave.sourceforge.net Octave Forge]: a set of extensions for Octave
 * Official [http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/doc/interpreter/ Octave manual] online		  * [[http://www.octave.org|Octave official site]]
 * [[http://octave.sourceforge.net|Octave Forge]]: a set of extensions for Octave
 * Official [[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/doc/interpreter/|Octave manual]] online
 * A graphical frontend to Octave: [[http://qtoctave.wordpress.com/|QtOctave]]
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   * List of [http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/FAQ.html#MATLAB-compatibility differences between Octave and Matlab]
   * List of [http://wiki.octave.org/wiki.pl?MissingMatlabFunctions missing Matlab functions] in Octave
   * More on [http://wiki.octave.org/wiki.pl?MatlabOctaveCompatibility Matlab/Octave compatibility]
 * [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Octave_Programming_Tutorial Octave Programming Tutorial] on Wiki``Books		    * List of [[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/FAQ.html#MATLAB-compatibility|differences between Octave and Matlab]]
   * List of [[http://wiki.octave.org/wiki.pl?MissingMatlabFunctions|missing Matlab functions]] in Octave
   * More on [[http://wiki.octave.org/wiki.pl?MatlabOctaveCompatibility|Matlab/Octave compatibility]]
 * Octave tutorials:
   * [[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Octave_Programming_Tutorial|Octave Programming Tutorial]] on Wiki``Books
   * [[http://www8.cs.umu.se/~fotios/OctaveRevPack.pdf|GNU Octave/MATLAB revision pack]]
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== Installing Dynare for Octave == == Installing Dynare 4.3 with Octave ==
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=== Windows === === Windows (without Cygwin) ===
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The recommended Octave distribution is the [http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=2888&package_id=40078 precompiled binaries from Octave Forge]. Pick the {{{octave-3.0.1-vs2008-setup.exe}}} installer. Choose GNUplot graphical backend (instead of JHandles) during installation. Also note that this distribution contains a nice text editor, which you can invoke with {{{edit}}} as you would under Matlab. This is the recommended way for Windows users.
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''Warning:'' this binary distribution has a bug which makes Octave crash everytime one types {{{clear all}}} (and therefore everytime one runs Dynare!). A simple workaround is to type the following command the first time you run Octave:
{{{
pkg rebuild -noauto ftp ann database
}}}		  * Download and install [[http://www.dynare.org/octave/Octave3.6.1_gcc4.6.2_20120303-setup.exe|Octave 3.6.1 (MinGW)]].
 * Download and install the latest Dynare package for Windows, see [[http://www.dynare.org/download/dynare-4.3/windows]].
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Then download Dynare from [http://www.dynare.org] (pick the most recent release of version 4 for Windows in the download section). The archive contains DLLs compiled for Octave. === Windows (with Cygwin) ===
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''Note:'' Cygwin now contains an Octave 3.0 package. However this package is slower than the standalone one, and is therefore not recommended for the moment. If you really want to use it, you will have to recompile the MEX files (see BuildingDlls).  * Download and uncompress Dynare 4.3 sources from [[http://www.dynare.org/download/dynare-4.3/source]]
 * Follow the instructions for Cygwin on BuildingDynareFromSource.

Note that graphics are not supported when Octave is run from the Cygwin prompt; you need to use the option {{{nograph}}} in your MOD file. If you want graphics, install the X windows server.
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For Debian "Lenny" or Ubuntu "Hardy Heron", see InstallOnDebianOrUbuntu. For Debian or Ubuntu distributions, see InstallOnDebianOrUbuntu.
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 * install the package for Octave 3.0 from your distribution
 * download and uncompress Dynare version 4 sources from [http://www.dynare.org] (download section)
 * compile the preprocessor (see BuildingPreprocessor)
 * compile the dynamic libaries (see BuildingDlls)		  * install the package for Octave from your distribution
 * download and uncompress Dynare 4.3 sources from [[http://www.dynare.org/download/dynare-4.3/source]]
 * follow the instructions on BuildingDynareFromSource
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== Running Dynare for Octave == == Running Dynare with Octave ==
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Under Linux, at the prompt, just type: Under GNU/Linux, at the prompt, just type:
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It is also possible to run [http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/doc/interpreter/Emacs.html Octave under Emacs]. It is also possible to run [[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/doc/interpreter/Emacs.html|Octave under Emacs]].
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Then, from Octave, add the path to Dynare with the {{{addpath}}} command, as you would under Matlab: Then, from Octave, add the path to Dynare with the {{{addpath}}} command, as you would under MATLAB:
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Unless you tell it to do otherwise, Octave won't accept the short syntax when typing {{{dynare}}} command. In other words, to run Dynare on {{{ramst.mod}}}, you need to type:
{{{
dynare('ramst')
}}}
rather than:		 === Invoking Dynare ===

If your MOD file is {{{ramst.mod}}}, just type:
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However, you can force Octave to accept the short syntax by typing the following (or by adding it to your {{{.octaverc}}}):
{{{
mark_as_command dynare
}}}		 == Current status of Dynare with Octave ==
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== Current status of development ==

 * Simple deterministic models should work (tested on {{{ramst.mod}}})
 * Simple stochastic simulation should work (tested on {{{example1.mod}}})
 * Simple bayesian estimation should work (tested on {{{arima/mod1a.mod}}})
 * Results are saved in {{{.mat}}} files which can be read from Matlab 6, 7 and from Octave		  * Deterministic simulation works (tested on {{{ramst.mod}}})
 * Stochastic simulation works (tested on {{{example1.mod}}})
 * Bayesian estimation works (tested on {{{arima/mod1a.mod}}}).
   However, Excel data files are not supported by Octave. A workaround is to convert the file to a text format (more details to come shortly)
 * Ramsey policy works
 * Results are saved in {{{.mat}}} files which can be read from MATLAB and from Octave
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   * however window titles ("Priors", ...) don't show up
   * the scale is sometimes ugly (overlapping characters)
   * warnings about missing font file show up
 * Graphics saving on filesystem works for EPS, but not for PDF and FIG formats
 * Excel data files are not supported by Octave. A workaround is to convert the file to a text format (more details to come shortly)
 * Diffuse Kalman filter doesn't work (no {{{ordschur}}} function in Octave)
 * MEX files:
   * can be compiled using {{{mex/sources/build_octave.m}}}
   * successfully tested under Linux
   * under Windows, since the Octave-Forge pre-compiled binary is build using Microsoft Visual C++ 2008, one need this compiler to create MEX files		    * however window titles ("Priors", ...) don't show up (with GNUplot backend)
   * the scale is sometimes ugly (overlapping characters) (with GNUplot backend)
   * warnings about missing font file show up (with GNUplot backend)
   * graphics are vertically shrinked when several plots are on the same window (with JHandles backend)
   * graphics saving on filesystem works for EPS, but not for PDF and FIG formats
   * currently, Dynare crashes when Octave is run without graphical capabilities; a workaround is to use option "nograph"
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== Main changes between Matlab and Octave versions of Dynare == == Main differences between MATLAB and Octave which are dealt with by Dynare ==
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 * '''QZ decomposition''': {{{[AA,BB,Q,Z] = qz(A,B)}}} works under Octave, but the convention for {{{Q}}} is different. We have {{{AA = Q*A*Z}}} under Matlab and {{{AA = Q'*A*Z}}} under Octave. Implied changes in {{{gensylv/sylvester3.m}}} and {{{qz/mjdgges.m}}}
 * '''Reciprocal condition number''': {{{rcond(A)}}} doesn't exist under Octave. For the moment, the workaround is to create a {{{rcond.m}}} M-file which does {{{1/(norm(A,1)*norm(inv(A), 1))}}}. The {{{rcond()}}} function should be available in the next major release of Octave, see [http://www.cae.wisc.edu/pipermail/octave-maintainers/2008-May/007332.html this post] and its reply.		  * '''QZ decomposition''': {{{[AA,BB,Q,Z] = qz(A,B)}}} works under Octave, but:
   * the convention for {{{Q}}} is different. We have {{{AA = Q*A*Z}}} under Matlab and {{{AA = Q'*A*Z}}} under Octave. Implied a change in {{{gensylv/sylvester3.m}}}
   * Octave is only able to compute real QZ, while MATLAB can do both complex and real, and does complex by default. As a consequence, {{{qz/mjdgges.m}}} is implemented differently for Octave and MATLAB: under MATLAB we compute the complex decomposition, and use Sims' code for reordering the eigenvalues; under Octave, we use the native reordered QZ, but as a consequence the criterium is de facto always 1.0
 * '''Reciprocal condition number''': {{{rcond(A)}}} doesn't exist under Octave. For the moment, the workaround is to create a {{{rcond.m}}} M-file which does {{{1/(norm(A,1)*norm(inv(A), 1))}}}. The {{{rcond()}}} function is now available in Octave 3.2.
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   * Creation of PDF files is not supported (through {{{print -dpdf}}}). This comes from the fact that PDF support in GNUPlot is non-free, and therefore not available under Debian/Ubuntu or Windows package. See [http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=248426 Debian bug #248426]    * Creation of PDF files is not supported (through {{{print -dpdf}}}). This comes from the fact that PDF support in GNUPlot is non-free, and therefore not available under Debian/Ubuntu or Windows package. See [[http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=248426|Debian bug #248426]]
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 * The operator {{{&}}} under Matlab is buggy: it doesn't execute its second argument if the first is false, when used in an {{{if}}} statement. This behaviour should be restricted to {{{&&}}}. This also applies to {{{|}}} and {{{||}}}. Implied a change in {{{mh_optimal_bandwith.m}}}, since this file expects the buggy behaviour  * The operator {{{&}}} under MATLAB is buggy: it doesn't execute its second argument if the first is false, when used in an {{{if}}} statement. This behaviour should be restricted to {{{&&}}}. This also applies to {{{|}}} and {{{||}}}. Implied a change in {{{mh_optimal_bandwith.m}}}, since this file expects the buggy behaviour
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 * {{{ordeig()}}} doesn't exist under Octave (nor on Matlab < 7.0.1). Use {{{my_ordeig()}}} instead.  * {{{ordeig()}}} doesn't exist under Octave (nor on MATLAB < 7.0.1). Use {{{my_ordeig()}}} instead.
 * '''Case sensitivity''' : under GNU/Linux, calls to Octave functions and variables are case sensitive. So non preprocessed instructions at the end of modfiles should be written with lowercase.

Dynare with Octave

Dynare is now able to run on GNU Octave, which is basically a free clone of MATLAB.

Octave versions ranging from 3.2.2 to 3.6 are supported (the unstable version requires 3.4 at least).

About Octave

GNU Octave is a free clone of MATLAB, running under GNU/Linux, Windows and MacOS.

It normally runs in a command window, and displays graphics in separate windows (using Gnuplot).

Some ressources:

Installing Dynare 4.3 with Octave

Windows (without Cygwin)

This is the recommended way for Windows users.

Windows (with Cygwin)

Note that graphics are not supported when Octave is run from the Cygwin prompt; you need to use the option nograph in your MOD file. If you want graphics, install the X windows server.

GNU/Linux

For Debian or Ubuntu distributions, see InstallOnDebianOrUbuntu.

For other distributions:

Running Dynare with Octave

First, you should run Octave.

Under GNU/Linux, at the prompt, just type: 

octave

Under Windows, you should have a shortcut already installed in your Start menu.

It is also possible to run Octave under Emacs.

Then, from Octave, add the path to Dynare with the addpath command, as you would under MATLAB: 

addpath REPLACE_WITH_INSTALL_PATH/matlab

It is possible to autoexecute this command at each Octave start by adding it to the .octaverc startup file (under Linux, this file should be put in the home directory; under Windows, it should be put at the root of the user home under Documents and Settings).

Invoking Dynare

If your MOD file is ramst.mod, just type: 

dynare ramst

Current status of Dynare with Octave

  • Deterministic simulation works (tested on ramst.mod)

  • Stochastic simulation works (tested on example1.mod)

  • Bayesian estimation works (tested on arima/mod1a.mod).

    • However, Excel data files are not supported by Octave. A workaround is to convert the file to a text format (more details to come shortly)
  • Ramsey policy works

  • Results are saved in .mat files which can be read from MATLAB and from Octave

  • Graphics display:
    • basically works
    • however window titles ("Priors", ...) don't show up (with GNUplot backend)
    • the scale is sometimes ugly (overlapping characters) (with GNUplot backend)
    • warnings about missing font file show up (with GNUplot backend)
    • graphics are vertically shrinked when several plots are on the same window (with JHandles backend)
    • graphics saving on filesystem works for EPS, but not for PDF and FIG formats
    • currently, Dynare crashes when Octave is run without graphical capabilities; a workaround is to use option "nograph"

Main differences between MATLAB and Octave which are dealt with by Dynare

  • Generalized eigenvalues: eig(A,B) doesn't exist in Octave. A call to lambda = qz(A,B) does the same job, except that it doesn't return infinite eigenvalues, so we can't use it. Implied a change in dr1.m

  • QZ decomposition: [AA,BB,Q,Z] = qz(A,B) works under Octave, but:

    • the convention for Q is different. We have AA = Q*A*Z under Matlab and AA = Q'*A*Z under Octave. Implied a change in gensylv/sylvester3.m

    • Octave is only able to compute real QZ, while MATLAB can do both complex and real, and does complex by default. As a consequence, qz/mjdgges.m is implemented differently for Octave and MATLAB: under MATLAB we compute the complex decomposition, and use Sims' code for reordering the eigenvalues; under Octave, we use the native reordered QZ, but as a consequence the criterium is de facto always 1.0

  • Reciprocal condition number: rcond(A) doesn't exist under Octave. For the moment, the workaround is to create a rcond.m M-file which does 1/(norm(A,1)*norm(inv(A), 1)). The rcond() function is now available in Octave 3.2.

  • Saving data on the filesystem:

    • Octave can read and write Matlab's MAT format. A call to default_save_options('-mat') was added in dynare.m to make Dynare for Octave create MAT files

    • But save() and load() under Octave don't assume the .mat extension. Need to explicitly add them

  • Saving graphics on the filesystem:

    • Saving graphics with saveas() don't work, since it uses a Matlab specific format

    • Creation of PDF files is not supported (through print -dpdf). This comes from the fact that PDF support in GNUPlot is non-free, and therefore not available under Debian/Ubuntu or Windows package. See Debian bug #248426

    • Creation of EPS files works (though file extension is not automatically added by Octave, contrary to Matlab)

  • Warning handling is different between Matlab and Octave, and necessitated some adjustments

  • Adjustments were obviously necessary where version() function is called

  • The operator & under MATLAB is buggy: it doesn't execute its second argument if the first is false, when used in an if statement. This behaviour should be restricted to &&. This also applies to | and ||. Implied a change in mh_optimal_bandwith.m, since this file expects the buggy behaviour

  • waitbar() exists under Octave, but is text-only and is not very flexible. Replaced by calls to printf() in random_walk_metropolis_hastings.m

  • mkdir() works slightly differently under Octave: it won't simultaneously create several depths of subdirectories. Implied a change in CheckPath.m

  • setdiff() doesn't return a second argument under Octave. Implied a workaround in dynare_estimation.m and dynare_estimation_init.m

  • ordeig() doesn't exist under Octave (nor on MATLAB < 7.0.1). Use my_ordeig() instead.

  • Case sensitivity : under GNU/Linux, calls to Octave functions and variables are case sensitive. So non preprocessed instructions at the end of modfiles should be written with lowercase.

DynareWiki: OctaveCompatibility (last edited 2012-10-08 11:47:00 by SébastienVillemot)